Republic of Hawaiiball

Republic of Hawaiiball : Lepupalika ʻo Hawaiʻipōpoki
←   → July 4th, 1894 – August 12th, 1898
General information
Government	Republic
Language(s)	Hawaiian
Capital	Honoluluball
Relations and opinions
Enemies	TRATIOR! Kingdom of Hawaiiball
Likes	Republics
Dislikes	Monarchy, American annexation
Historical information
Preceded by	Kingdom of Hawaiiball
Succeeded by	Territory of Hawaiiball
Status
Annexed by USAball

The Republic of Hawaiiball was a short-lived Oceanian countryball. It was after the monarchy was otherthrown. Not so long in 1897, Republic of Hawaiiball surrendered was annexed by USAball in a

Establishment of the Republic

link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Members_of_the_Constitutional_Convention,_Republic_of_Hawaii_(PP-28-7-023)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|The founding members of the Republic In 1887, members of the Reform Party of Hawaii forced the King to accept a new constitution limiting the monarch's constitutional power as defined by the Constitution of 1864. The Constitution of 1887, also called the Bayonet Constitution for the threats used to secure the King's approval, was enacted without legislative approval, leaving the monarch as a figurehead. In 1893, a coup d'état against the monarch was carried out by more than 1,000 armed local men who were led by wealthy sugar planters and businessmen. There was no bloodshed as the royal armed forces did not resist. A temporary Provisional Government of Hawaii was formed by the Committee of Safety. The leaders of the coup, who had strong economic ties with the United States, wanted Hawaii to join the United States, lest the Japanese Empire take control. Annexation was delayed by two petitions with over 20,000 signatures representing over half of the Native Hawaiian population. Because U.S. President Cleveland opposed annexation, the Queen herself took up residence in Washington to lobby for her restoration.

President Cleveland sent an investigator who wrote the Blount Report, which concluded that Minister Stevens had manipulated and orchestrated the revolt. Cleveland decided that the United States should restore the Queen; he asked for Dole's resignation; however, Dole ignored the request. The U.S. Senate held hearings regarding another report called the Morgan Report, which undermined the Blount Report's claims. Public opinion in the United States favored annexation. In May 1894 the U.S. Senate unanimously passed a resolution opposing restoration of the Queen, opposing intrusion into the affairs of the Dole government, and opposing American action that could lead immediately to annexation. President Cleveland thereupon dropped the issue, leaving the Republic of Hawaii to effectively fend for itself.

The Provisional Government convened a constitutional convention, limited to Hawaiians, and taxpayers of American or European origins, not including Asians.

Wilcox Rebellion of 1895

Main article: 1895 Wilcox rebellion link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Troops_of_the_Republic_of_Hawaii_in_1895.jpg|thumb|Troops of the Republic of Hawaii after the counter-revolution Robert William Wilcox was a Hawaiian native revolutionary. In 1889, he led an army of 150 Hawaiians, Europeans and Chinese in rebellion against the Hawaiian Kingdom. In 1895, Wilcox participated in another attempt, this time to overthrow the Republic of Hawaii and to restore Queen Liliuokalani to power. Royalist supporters landed a cargo of arms and ammunition from San Francisco, California in a secret Honolulu location. At the location on January 6, 1895, a company of royalists met to draft plans to capture the government buildings by surprise. A premature encounter with a squad of police alarmed Honolulu and the plans were abandoned as the royalists were quickly routed. Wilcox spent several days in hiding in the mountains before being captured. The son of one annexationist was killed. Several other skirmishes occurred during the following week resulting in the capture of the leading conspirators and their followers. The government found arms and ammunition and some potentially evidential documents on the premises of Washington Place, Liliuokalani's private residence, outlining in her own handwriting who she would select for her cabinet after the counter revolution, further implicating her in the plot.

Liliuokalani's trial[edit]

link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Trial_of_Liliuokalani_(PP-98-12-007)_cropped.jpg|left|thumb|Newspaper illustration of Queen Liliuokalani's public trial by a military tribunal in 1895 in the former throne room of the Iolani Palace The Republic of Hawaii put the former Queen on trial. The prosecution asserted that Liliuokalani had committed misprision of treason, because she allegedly knew that guns and bombs for the Wilcox attempted counter-revolution had been hidden in the flower bed of her personal residence at Washington Place. Liliuokalani denied these accusations.

She was sentenced to 5 years' imprisonment at hard labor and a fine of $10,000. However, the imprisonment was served in a large bedroom with a piano, bathroom with hot and cold running water bathtub and sink at Iolani Palace where she was allowed two maids in waiting while under guard by military personnel at all times. After eight months she was allowed to go to her Washington Place home and kept under house arrest by President Sanford B. Dole. A year later she was granted a full pardon, including the right to travel, and President Dole gave her a passport to travel to Washington D.C. to visit her friends and in-laws. However, she used that opportunity to lobby the U.S. Senate in 1897 against annexation.

End and annexation of the Republic[edit]

link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Anti-Annexation_meeting_at_Hilo,_1897.jpg|thumb|An anti-annexation meeting at Hilo, 1897 link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Annexation_Here_to_Stay.jpg|thumb|Newspaper reporting the annexationof the Republic of Hawaii in 1898 Upon the inauguration of William McKinley as the 25th President of the United States on March 4, 1897, the Republic of Hawaii resumed negotiations for annexation, which continued into the summer of 1898. In April 1898, the United States went to war with Spain, and Republic of Hawaii declared its neutrality. In practice, it gave enormous support to the United States, demonstrating its value as a naval base in wartime, and winning widespread American approval for its non-neutral behavior.

With the opposition weakened, Hawaii was annexed by means of the Newlands Resolution, which required only a majority vote in both houses. Most of the support came from Republicans. It passed the house by a vote of 209 to 91. It was approved on July 4, 1898, and signed on July 7 by McKinley. The transfer of sovereignty over the Hawaiian islands took place on August 12, 1898, with the lowering of the Flag of Hawaii and hoisting of the "Stars and Stripes" flag of the United States over the former royal Iolani Palace in its place. It was renamed from the Republic of Hawaii to the Territory of Hawaii, which was formally organized as an organized incorporated territory of the United States two years later.

resourceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Hawaii