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    Cataniaball, officially know as ARANCINOCITY, MOUINT ETNA CITY, City of Cataniaball is a cityball located in Sicily Loves so much the seaports,Arancino and obviously the Mouint Etna, the biggest volcano of Europe (although he destroyed the city several times, the most destructive in 1669). 2nd favorite city of sicily, and nostalgic of his old Football squad, because before was in Serie A now in Serie C.

    History

    Ancient age

    In the prehistoric age the Etna volcano developed, creating a vast volcanic plain, here the Sicilian population arose in the Neolithic age. 2 prehistoric 4ball ages have been identified: The first, radiocarbon dated to the second half of the 6th millennium BC, is related to the probable attendance of one or more rock shelters, from the beginning of the Middle to the Late Neolithic. The second phase, radiocarbon dated to the end of the 5th millennium BC, belongs to a settlement with huts from the early Eneolithic, which probably houses the tomb of the Benedictines.

    Although sporadic finds from the Bronze and Iron Ages are known, the area was probably uninhabited when, in 729-728 BC, Ancient Greeceball Greek colonists from Naxos, which in turn was founded by Chalcis in Euboea, led by the execist Evarchus they founded Kατάvη there. The Greek city experienced its best period during the 5th century BC. In 476 BC. Hiero I of Syracuse made it his seat, replacing the inhabitants and changing its name to Aitna. Of this episode, which lasted fifteen years, sung by Pindar and perhaps at the center of a lost tragedy by Aeschylus, some of the finest silver coins of antiquity remain. Having regained its ancient name and original inhabitants, at the end of the century, during the Peloponnesian War, the city sided with Athensball Athens against Greek Syracuseball Syracuse. Conquered by the Syracusans in 403 BC, its inhabitants dispersed and repopulated with Campanian mercenaries, a decline began for the city which only ended with the Roman conquest of Manius Valerius Maximus Messalla in 263 BC.

    Càtina (or Càtana) became an SPQRball Augustan colony in 21 BC. From that moment the city was equipped with large public buildings which transformed it into one of the most notable centers of the empire and which in the following centuries influenced its urban development. The city was the seat of an early Christian community and from the 4th century, if not earlier, of a bishop's chair. The transformations of some buildings and the slow process of development from an ancient city to a medieval city are linked to Christianity.

    Middle age

    At the fall of the SPQRball Roman Empire, Sicily was conquered in the 6th century by the Ostrogothic Kingdomball of King Theodoric the Great who took care of the reconstruction of the city walls, using the stones that made up the Roman amphitheatre. It was later conquered by the Byzantine Empireball Byzantines,and in the first half of the 9th century by the Muslims.Islamic rule was a period of decadence for Catania, as the Arabs oppressed the profoundly Greek-Byzantine culture of eastern Sicily and moved the center of power to the western part of the island, to Palermo. In 1071 it was conquered by the Normans; Roger preferred to create an entirely new civil and ecclesiastical structure, entrusting the direction of religious evangelization and civil reorganization to the Benedictine monks. Catania was enfeoffed to the trusted Breton monk Ansgerio. He was also appointed abbot of the Benedictine Abbey of S. Agata, and bishop of a very large new diocese (from Mascali to Enna and Piazza Armerina). With the approval of Pope Urban II (papal bull of 9 March 1092); the city was elevated to the rank of archiepiscopal seat only in 1859. It was then governed by the Swabians, a period in which the Ursino Castle was built and the administrative figures were created which lasted until around 1817. The city was one of the seats of the court of Frederick II of Swabia and from here edicts and laws of great importance were issued. At the end of the Hohenstaufen family, the Angevins took possession of the city, occupying it militarily, often abusing the local population.

    In 1282 Sicily was conquered by Peter III of Aragon (whose wife, Constance of Swabia, was the daughter of King Manfred). The kingdom then passed to the cadet branch of the House of Aragon, which until Martin I made Catania the capital of the further Kingdom of Sicily. In 1409, after the annexation of the kingdom to the Crown of Aragon, Sicily lost its independence and came under Spanish, then Savoy, then Austrian and finally Bourbon rule.

    Early modern age

    In 1622, Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, viceroy of Sicily, with a letter ratified by Philip IV, had assigned to the Catania Senate functions equal to those of Palermo and Messina, granting it a certain autonomy.

    The two very serious natural disasters of the end of the 17th century (the eruption of Etna in 1669 and the earthquake in the Val di Noto in 1693) marked "the transition towards modernity". The post-earthquake reconstruction was characterized by the Baroque style; one of the very few large monuments that maintained its intact and original form was the Ursino Castle. On the other hand, ancient buildings were renovated and rebuilt with the new eighteenth-century styles: great examples are the cathedral (of the previous one only the Norman apses remained intact), the Palazzo degli Elefanti, the Monastery of San Nicolò l'Arena or in the various monasteries located in Via of the Cruciferous. The work of the great architect Giovanni Battista Vaccarini was crucial both for the projects that involved these particular monuments but also for the urban plan that he himself designed

    The 1669 Eruption

    The lava flow illustrated in the painting by the painter Giacinto Platania, an eyewitness of the event.

    The 1669 eruption of Etna, which is considered the most devastating in historical times, began in spring and ended in mid-July of the same year. It devastated and buried dozens of inhabited centers, reaching the sea near the western districts of Catania.

    Contemporary age

    Between 1816 and 1818 it acquired the status of Municipality, leaving that of Urbs, so as to be governed by an Intendant, assisted by the General Secretary and the Council of Intendence. Also in 1818 - on 20 February - an earthquake occurred with its epicenter in Aci Catena or Aci Sant'Antonio - there are different opinions on the exact point - due to which Catania suffered greatly: the Ursino Castle was made uninhabitable and the Convents were damaged of the Minorites (with the adjoining Church of San Michele Arcangelo), of the Franciscans, of the Crociferi, of Sant'Agostino, of Sant'Agata la Vetere and of the Benedictines, the buildings of the University, the Cutelli College, the Seminary of the Clerics and the Santa Marta and San Marco Hospitals. But unlike the province, which was also significantly affected from a demographic point of view, Catania this time did not record any victims.

    In 1849, during the Bourbon reconquest of Sicily, the city suffered heavy destruction and its inhabitants rape, looting and killing until 7 April, after fierce fighting, it was occupied by the troops of Ferdinand II under the command of Carlo Filangieri, prince of Satriano. In 1898 the city was awarded the gold medal for military valor for its heroic actions of those days.

    In 1860 Catania became part of the Kingdom of Italyball Kingdom of Italy; since then it has been one of the main Italian municipalities, the second in Sicily, and the capital of its metropolitan city.

    Relationships

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